SCIENCE OF HADEES KYA HAI?

BISMILLAH

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SAWAL :

SCIENCE OF HADEES kise kahte hai…?❓

JAWAB :

‘Jarh wa Taadeel’ ke ILM ko Science of Hadees kahte hai.

Kaun Kahte hai ke ILM-e- Hadees mahefuz nahi hai. Is Dars batayenge ke ILM-e- Hadees par kitna kaam huwa hai. ILM-e-HADEES me istemaal kiye jaane wale ahem nakto ki

DEFITNITIONS :

HADEES KISE KAHTE HAI?❓

➡Pyare Nabi sallallahu alaihi wasallam ke,

1. Farmaan,

2. Amal ya

3.Taqrir yani kisine koi kaam apke samne kiya aur aap uspar khamosh rahe.

4.Nabi ke bareme har baat jaise apki Paidaesh, Bachpan aur Khandan.

in sab ko HADEES kahte hai.

➡In Hadeeso ko ikattha(collect) karne me Muslim Aleemo (jisko ham Muhaddis kahte hai) ne jo misaal pesh ki iska namoona kisi aur dharm(religion) me nahi milta. In Muhaddiso ne yahan tak ki Hadeeso ke ilm ke hifazat ke liye unko ek naye Science ki khoj karni padi jisko Arabic me ”Jarah wa Taa’deel” kahte hai, aur iske liye definitions bhi banani pade jo isse pahle nahi thi, isliye unki tashrih zaroori hai.

'Jarh wa Taadeel’ kise Kahte hai…?❓

Hadees ke Raavi ko “Gair Motbar (Unauthentic or Weak)” ya “Motbar (Authentic or Strong)” karar dene ke ILM ko ”Jarh wa Taa’deel” kahte hai.

Dekhiye Pyare Nabi sallallahu alaihi wasallam ke ZAMAANE me “Hadees ko sirf "HADEES hi kaha jata tha aur na uske upar koi LABEL lagya jata tha aur na bayan karne wale se uski SANAD pucchi jaati thi kyun ke saare LOG SACHHE the aur koi FIRKA BANDI bhi nahi thi isliye us waqt in LABELS ki zarurat nahi thi

Lekin jab bad me logo ne "NAYE AQEEDE" aur HADEESO me apne khud sakta baato ki MILAAWAT karna shuru ki to us waqt ke Ahle Haqq Ulema ne usko LABEL diya take bhola bhala Musalman Nabi ke NAAM par JHOOTI HADEESE na le.

Yeh us waqt ke Ulema ne iski zarurat mahesus ki thi aur aaj bhi is LABEL ki zarurat hai.

Jis tarhaa aaj MARKET me “ASLI GHEE” ka LABEL laga kar becha jata hai kyunke MARKET me “NAKALI GHEE” bhi maujud hai taake logo ko aasani se firk samaj me aajaye.

MATAN :

MATAN se muraad wah Nabi sallallahu alaihi wasallam ki ASSAL BAAT hai jo SANAD ke baad bayan ki jaati hai.

Kuch Hadees ki Kitaaben aisi hai jinme sirf MATAN hota hai, lekin ye kitaben Hadees ki asaal kitaben hahi hoti, balke logon ki aasani ke liye likhi gayi hai, jaise ‘Mishqaat’.

Ham log bhi aam taur par SANAD ko chhod kar direct MATAN ko bayan karte hai.

SANAD :

Hadees ki kitabon me MATAN bayan karne se pahle riwayat karne waalon ke naamo ke silsile ko sanad kahte hai.

Hadees ki SANAD bahut hi ahem hoti hai aur isko mahefuz rakhna Hadees ke sahet ke liye bahut zaruri hai warna Nabi ke naam par koi bhi jhoot bolega.

SANAD wah tareeqa (Science of Hadees) hai kisi aur dharm me nahi paaya jaata.

HADEES PAR LAGAYE GAYE KUCHH AHEM “LABELS” :

1.SAHIH :

Hadees Sahih hone ke liye in sharton ka hona laazmi hai..

1. iske bayan karne waale “aadil” yani uska charactor bharose ke qaabil ho.

2.unki dimaagi yad’daash mazboot ho, ya phir jo kah rahe ho wah likha huwa ho.

3.uski sanad(chain of narrators) mutassil (continue or without break) ho, yani har raawi (bayan karne waala) ne wah hadith apne ustaad se khud suni ho.

4. usme koi ‘shaaz’(dusare sahih se takraati na ho) baat na batayi gayi ho.

5.usme kisi ki tarah ki koi ‘illat (chhupi hui kamzori)’ na Paayi jaati ho.

2.HASAN :

Yah Zaeef Hadees ki ek kism hai.
Yah wah Hadees hai jisme Sahih Hadees ki saari shartein paayi jaati ho lekin sirf raawi ki dimagi taqat kuch kamzor ho, lekin itni bhi na ho ki wah ”zaeef” ban jaaye.

HASAN Hadees Amal ke kabil hoti hai.

3.ZAEEF :

Yah wah Hadees hai jisme…

1. Hadees ki sanad(chain of narrators) mutassil na (discontinue) ho yani bich me kahi na kahi Hadees ki sanad tuti hui ho.

2. Koi ek Raavi ya har Raavi jhoot bolne me mashoor ho.

3. Raavi Biddati ho aur apne Biddat ke support me koi Hadees bayan karta ho.

4.Raavi ki dimaagi yad’daash bahot hi kamzor ho.

5.Raavi Hadees lene me aur bayan karne me la’parwahi aur kotahi barat’ta ho.

6.Raavi Hadees ghadne me mashoor ho.

4 ZAEEF ZIDDAN :

Jiski sanad ka koi raawi bahut zyada kamzor ho lekin jhoota naa ho.

5 MAWZOO (Man ghadat):

Yah ‘Man-ghadat Hadees’ hoti hai jo Nabi ke naam par Ghadi gayee ho.
Haqeeqat me yah Hadees hi nahi hoti kyunki yah hadees ki wah kism hai jisko kisi raawi ne apni taraf se ghadkar Nabi sallallaho alaihi wasallam ki taraf mansoob kar diya lekin ‘MAWDOO’ ko parakh ne ke liye bahut zyada koshih karna padta isliye Muhaddiseeno ne iske mutallik bahut sari kitaaben likhi aur jahan jahan MAWDOO Hadeese paayi unko wajeh kar diya taake Islam me koi apni taraf se kuch daakhil na kar sake, isliye aisi hadeese bahut saare Hadees ki Kitaabon me to daakhil ho gayi, lekin Muhaddiseeno ne isko waajeh kar diya.

6 MUTAWATIR :

Yeh Sahih Hadees ki ek kism hai.

Yah Hadees ki wah kism hai jisko bayan karne waale itne zyada ho ki unka jhoot bolna na-mumkin ho jaaye.

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